Russian grammar - The preposition по and the dative case |
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The preposition по is one of the most used in Russian. When coupled with the dative it can have one of several functions: • Serves as a movement preposition meaning 'along', 'around', 'across' or 'over'. • Expressing that something is 'according to' or 'due to' • When referring to an academic subject of a book, lesson etc. • When specifying means of communication. • When specifying repeated frequency - especially days of the week. • In a distributive sense: 'one each'. • With a hyphen it is used when referring to speaking a language |
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Машина едет по дороге.
The car is going along the road.
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Мы гуляем по лесу.
We are strolling through the forest.
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Надежда медленно шла по улице.
Nadezhda was slowly walking along the street.
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Кошки обычно лазят по деревьям.
Cats usually climb up trees.
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Дети плывут по реке.
The children are swimming in (along) the river.
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У меня есть учебник по географии.
I have a geography book.
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У неё экзамен по математике.
She has a maths exam.
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Сегодня лекция по физике.
Today is the lecture on physics.
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Мы прошли тест по математике.
We’ve passed the maths test.
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Японские поезда всегда ходят по расписанию.
Japanese trains are always on schedule.
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Я хочу отправить посылку по почте.
I want to send the parcel by post.
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Позвоните ей по телефону.
Call (formal) her on the telephone.
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По телевизору была интересная передача.
There was an interesting program on TV.
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Таня услышала хорошие новости по радио.
Tanya has heard some good news on the radio.
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Никита отправил письмо по почте.
Nikita has sent the letter by mail.
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Они играют в покер по средам.
They play poker on Wednesdays.
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У меня уроки музыки по вторникам.
I have my music lessons on Tuesdays.
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Кто вы по профессии?
What is your (formal) profession?
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Извините, я зашел сюда по ошибке.
Sorry, I (male) entered here by mistake.
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По болезни она пропустила важную встречу.
Due to illness, she missed an important meeting.
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Они дали всем детям по подарку.
They gave all children a present each.
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Я говорю по-английски.
I speak English.
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Он свободно говорит по-французски.
He speaks French fluently.
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