French grammar - This one here and those ones there - the particles -ci and -là

This one here and those ones there - the particles -ci and -là

The particles -ci and -là can be partnered with the demonstrative adjectives (ce, cette & ces) to specify exactly which object is being referred to.

• -ci refers to an object close by or close at hand.

• -là refers to an object further away or beyond reach.

The particles are attached to the demonstrative adjectives with a dash.

Examples:
	Cette chemise-ci est trop grande. This shirt (here) is too big. trop means 'too' or 'too much' or 'excessively'
	Cette valise-ci est assez lourde. This suitcase (here) is quite heavy. assez means 'quite' or 'enough'
	Mais cette valise-là n'est pas lourde. But that suitcase (there) is not heavy.
	Voulez-vous ces livres-ci ou ces livres-là ? Do you (formal) want these books (here) or those books (there)? ou means 'or'
	Ces livres-là sont très bon marché. Those books (there) are very cheap. bon marché means 'cheap'
	Allons-nous dans ce restaurant-ci ou dans ce restaurant-là ? Are we going to this restaurant or that restaurant?
	Ce restaurant-ci est trop cher. This restaurant is overpriced. cher means 'expensive' or 'overpriced'
	Ces femmes-là sont fascinantes. Those women are fascinating. fascinant (m) means 'fascinating'
	Ces tomates-ci sont fraîches. These tomatoes are fresh. tomate (f) means 'tomato'
	Cette chaise-là est cassée. This chair is broken.
	Ce tableau-ci est très connu. This painting is very well known. connu (m) means 'well known'
	Ces demoiselles-là sont très impatientes. Those ladies are very impatient. demoiselle (f) means 'young lady' impatient (m) means 'impatient'
	Ces fraises-ci ne sont pas bon marché. These strawberries are not cheap.