Korean grammar - The Subject marker 이/가 and Existence/Possession 있다 |
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Pattern: Noun + 이/가 and the verb 있다 The verb 있다 is used to express existence: 'to exist' or 'there is' . Or possession: 'to have'. 있다 (with the 다 ending) is its dictionary or infinitive form. When in a sentence, it will conjugate depending on how it is used. • For instance, in the present tense 있다 becomes 있어요. The object noun that is said to exist or be possessed using 있다 is typically marked with the Subject marker 이/가. • Use 이 if the noun ends with a consonant sound; • and use 가 if the noun ends with a vowel. |
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쥐가 있어요.
There is a mouse.
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아이가 있어요.
(I) have a child.
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강이 있어요.
There is a river.
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컴퓨터가 있어요.
(I) have a computer.
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우산이 있어요?
Do (you) have an umbrella?
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꽃이 있어요.
There is a flower.
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나무가 있어요?
Is there a tree?
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사과가 있어요.
(I) have an apple.
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모자가 있어요?
Does (he) have a hat?
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책이 있어요.
There is a book.
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펜이 있어요?
Do (you) have a pen?
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