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Chinese grammar - Ongoing actions ('-ing') with 着 (zhe)

Ongoing actions ('-ing') with 着 (zhe)

In Chinese, the particle (zhe) indicates a continuous or ongoing action or state.

It is similar to the English present participle '-ing' but is also used to indicate states in the past.

should appear immediately after the verb.

Examples:
她安静地坐着。
tā ānjìng de zuò zhe.
She is sitting quietly.
他安静地看着书。
tā ānjìng de kàn zhe shū.
He is reading a book quietly.
她快乐地听着音乐。
tā kuàilè de tīng zhe yīnyuè.
She is happily listening to music.
孩子们兴奋地玩着游戏。
háizimen xīngfèn de wán zhe yóuxì.
The children are excitedly playing games.

兴奋 (xīngfèn) means 'excited' or 'exciting'

我等着公交车。
wǒ děng zhe gōngjiāochē.
I am waiting for the bus.
我认真地写着作业。
wǒ rènzhēn de xiě zhe zuòyè.
I am seriously doing homework.
他开着车。
tā kāi zhe chē.
He is driving.
猫舒服地躺着睡觉。
māo shūfu de tǎng zhe shuìjiào.
The cat is lying down sleeping comfortably.

舒服 (shūfu) means 'comfortable'

(tǎng) means 'to lie down'

他们大声地唱着歌。
tāmen dàshēng de chàng zhe gē.
They are singing loudly.
老师认真地讲着课。
lǎoshī rènzhēn de jiǎng zhe kè.
The teacher is lecturing seriously.
她拿着花。
tā ná zhe huā.
She is holding flowers.
我们慢慢地跑着步。
wǒmen mànmàn de pǎo zhe bù.
We are running slowly.

() means 'step' or 'pace'

他做着饭。
tā zuò zhe fàn.
He is cooking.
他们看着电视。
tāmen kàn zhe diànshì.
They are watching TV.
她专心地听着讲座。
tā zhuānxīn de tīng zhe jiǎngzuò.
She is attentively listening to the lecture.

专心 (zhuānxīn) means 'attentively' or 'focused'

讲座 (jiǎngzuò) means 'lecture'

我们在公园里散着步。
wǒmen zài gōngyuán lǐ sàn zhe bù.
We are strolling in the park.

(sàn) means 'to stroll'

他带着眼镜看书。
tā dài zhe yǎnjìng kànshū.
He is reading with glasses on.

眼镜 (yǎnjìng) means 'glasses' or 'spectacles'

孩子们开心地画着画。
háizimen kāixīn de huà zhe huà.
The children are happily drawing pictures.