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Chinese grammar - 'All' with 都 (dōu) and 所有的 (suǒyǒu de)

'All' with 都 (dōu) and 所有的 (suǒyǒu de)

In Chinese, the adverb (dōu) is used to express 'all'.

It should appears after the subject.

If the noun is not explicitly plural then it should be prefaced with 所有的 (suǒyǒu de).

所有的 means 'all of the' or 'together' and is used to emphasize every item in a specific group.

Examples:
我们都要水。
wǒmen dōu yào shuǐ.
We all want water.

我们 is explicitly plural so 所有的 is not needed

他们都在上海。
tāmen dōu zài Shànghǎi.
They are all in Shanghai.

上海 (Shànghǎi) means 'Shanghai'

你们都是中国人吗?
nǐmen dōu shì zhōngguó rén ma?
Are you all Chinese?

你们 (men) means 'plural marker'

我们都很累。
wǒmen dōu hěn lèi.
We are all tired.
你们都想喝咖啡吗?
nǐmen dōu xiǎng hē kāfēi ma?
Would you all like coffee?
所有的问题都很难。
suǒyǒude wèntí dōu hěn nán.
(Together) all of the questions are difficult.

所有的 here emphasize the group

所有的 (suǒyǒu de) means 'all'

所有的老师都是美国人。
suǒyǒude lǎoshī dōu shì měiguó rén.
(Together) all of the teachers are American.
所有的桌子都小吗?
suǒyǒude zhuōzi dōu xiǎo ma?
(Together) are all of the tables small?
所有的学生都在哪里?
suǒyǒude xuéshēng dōu zài nǎlǐ?
(Together) where are all of the students?
所有的孩子都在公园。
suǒyǒude háizi dōu zài gōngyuán.
(Together) all of the children are in the park.
所有的餐馆都很贵。
suǒyǒude cānguǎn dōu hěn guì.
(Together) all of the restaurants are expensive.

餐馆 (cānguǎn) means 'restaurant'